Whenever we talk about data, we often come across a Database Management System. Moreover, the use of data is increasing every day and everywhere. Thus, to store this huge volume of data, a management system is required. It helps to store the data in
a way that makes it easy to retrieve, modify, or delete.
There are many types and applications of database management which we will discuss in the post below.
It is software that stores and retrieves users’ data with the help of suitable security measures. So, to manipulate the database, it combines a group of programs. It works by accepting the request for data from an application. Further, this system guides the operating system to give specific data.
In larger systems, it helps users and third-party software in storing and retrieving data. So, Database systems let users create their databases as per their needs. It also offers an interface between the data and the software application.
Various types of systems for database management based on data models are:
In this system, the data elements have a one-to-many relationship. Therefore, it organizes the data like a tree which is the same as a folder structure in a computer system. Here, the hierarchy begins from the root node and connects the child nodes with the parent node. Thus, its application lies in the industry on mainframe platforms. Its examples include the Windows registry (Microsoft).
In a Network database system, the data elements maintain one-to-one or many-to-many relationships. This system also has a hierarchical structure. But it organizes the data like a graph and it can have more than one parent for one child record.
For example, teachers teach in multiple departments.
In a relational DBMS (RDBMS) system, data is organized in two-dimensional tables of rows and columns. It is also one of the most popular data models in industries. RDBMS is based on SQL. Each record in a database's tables is uniquely identified by a key field. RDBMS software is also suitable for workstations, large mainframe systems, and desktop PCs. Its examples include MySQL, Oracle Database, and Microsoft SQL Server.
In this system, the information or data is displayed in the form of objects used in object-oriented programming. Moreover, it combines relational database principles and object-oriented concepts. It follows RDBMS concepts like concurrency control, transactions, etc. However, its OOP principles include inheritance, data encapsulation, and polymorphism.
Furthermore, it is easy to maintain and requires less code. The most common example is Object DB software.
Below are the few major key components of DBMS:
This is the core component that communicates with the file system at an OS level to store data.
It allows the database management system to give insights into the performance of the database. Therefore it helps in optimising the database itself and queries.
The database's basic catalog for all objects is present here.
This component will keep all the logs that consist of user logins and activity. It also stores database functions, backups, restore operations, etc. The log manager records these details correctly and ensures they are easily accessible.
These tools are a standard component that comes with a database management system.
Most Database management software includes extra built-in tools. These tools give functionality besides many other features.
It is a database access language for interacting with a database. Thus, it works from creating databases to putting or retrieving data.
This serves as the bridge between user queries and the database.
Below are some of the applications of database systems:
1. Railway Reservation System
Here, the database plays a crucial role by keeping records of ticket booking, train departure time, and arrival status.
2. Manufacturing
Companies make products and sell them daily. Therefore, Database management keeps records of all these details.
3. Airline Reservation system
Similar to the railway reservation system, airlines also use database management to keep records.
4. Library Management System
Now, you can easily track books in the Library to track each book and also maintain it through a database.
5. Banking
Banking is also one of the main applications of databases maintaining thousands of transactions daily.
6. Universities and colleges
The universities and colleges can maintain a database to store students’ details.
7. Social Media Sites
By filling in the required details you can access social media platforms. Thus, all the information is stored and maintained with the help of a database.
8. Military
The military maintains many files that need to be kept safe and secure. It also includes records of soldiers.
A Database Management System is a collection of data that represents similar aspects of the real world. So, it is software developed to store and retrieve user data with necessary security precautions. Additionally, it offers security and removes redundant data. This system is superior to the conventional Flat File management solution in many ways.
Furthermore, it offers security, self-description, separation of programs, and data abstraction. You also get support for different views of the data with database management.
Ans.SQL or standard language helps to manage data in relational databases.
Ans.The primary key is the column or columns that each row in a table uses to identify itself uniquely.
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